Hello and welcome to the fifth week of our course "Antisemitism: From Its Origins to the Present." Last week we began exploring the ways and realms in which antisemitism has been expressed in the post-Holocaust years. We saw how the more traditional forms of antisemitism, including blood libels and conspiracy myths, continued to exist in the postwar years, changing according to the political and social context of our times. We also examined how new manifestations of the phenomenon are expressed, showing how these are intertwined with Holocaust denial and distortion as well as with anti-Zionist and anti-Israel discourse and actions. The focus of our previous lesson was on the contemporary European and American Far-right and Far-left, showing how antisemitism is manifested in these realms and examining the roots and characteristics of these expressions. This week we will explore a third realm, one which has not been discussed in the course so far, that of the Arab and Islamic world. As we will see antisemitism in this sphere shares characteristics with the manifestations we have become acquainted with thus far. However the forms of antisemitism present in the Arab and Islamic world today have their own unique features and their own historical development. As opposed to antisemitism in the Christian world, antisemitism in the Arab and Islamic sphere developed as a modern phenomenon, appearing only in the mid-19th century. Because of its different historical roots, we will first begin our discussion of antisemitism in this realm by examining the history of Muslim-Jewish relations until modern times.