Hello. Today, we will talk about Actors in International Relations, about those who actually drive policies, about those of which international system consist of. Who are actors? What is the actor? In political science in general, actor is any individual or political entity, which has enough authority and power and has a will to exercise this power to influence political processes. As for international relations, international actor is an entity with the capacity of having an impact obviously in international relations. So, unlike domestic actors who struggle for their ability to govern or influence domestic governments, domestic policies, international actors are those who act across state borders, are those who actively participate in world politics at the international arena, and have impact upon other actors in other countries. There are multiple actors in the international system. They could be individuals. They could be multiple social groups and movements, private and public companies, non-state organizations like NGOs, states, and groups of states, and international relations. But of course, the most important and the most influential and actually considered as the main and central actor in international relations are sovereign states. And this is the tradition that last from the Treaty of Westphalia signed in 1648. Why actors matter? Why it is important to focus on them and starting them? Because, obviously, you cannot analyze international system without the elements of this international system. It is not possible to analyze any political process without a clear understanding of who actually drives politics, who drives this political process, what are his motives and intentions, and what capabilities it has. So, actors could be called the simplest elements or just elements of the international system, connections of which, the composition of which constitutes international system and relations between which constitute international relations. So, they are of essential importance. In general, there are three major types of actors in international system. The first and main ones are states, sovereign states, which are considered the most important actors. Modern sovereign states emerged in 1648 with the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia, which ended the 30-Years War and introduced the principle of state sovereignty. States in general existed since ancient times, but modern states, the states says participants of the contemporary international system existed only after 1648, and this system is called Westphalian international political system. The second major type of international actors are international or interstate or also called intergovernmental organizations. They are interstate institutions which are created by states on the basis of treaties and charters in order to fulfill the states' interests and purposes. And, finally, the third type of international actors are multiple non-state actors. They can be all other. They are all other social entities, social collectivities, which have enough resources to influence international politics, and who are just active in the world arena. And the importance of non-state actors and their presence in the international system has been growing in the era in conditions of globalization, so we can talk about them since 1970s.