[MUSIC] Hi, there. Okay. So in this module, we're going to look at how emotions are produced by and depend upon the feeling of the body. And just to get us started, let's look at a couple images. Now here is one of my three darling cats. [COUGH] This cat is she's a kitten at this point and you see that her hair is raised, she's piloerected. She has, is very alert and she has a, a, a feeling that she's about to go catch something and try and kill it, try and hunt and this is her affect. Now let's look at another picture. This is my nephew, bungee jumping and he's just leaped off a cliff to go into the unknown. Okay. I'm not doing this, he did this. I'm very impressed, but the point being that his emotion is all wrapped up in exactly what he's doing. He's very aroused and excited. This is not a situation where he's contemplative. He's not depressed. He's not, he, he, there are only certain moods that are available to him, because of the state of his body. And let's look at a couple more pictures. Here's another one of my cats, Grigri. And Grigri's, this is this is a picture that we call the blissed out Gri. She's sleepy. She's not about to bungee jump. She's not about to hunt. And here's Zoe. Very sleepy. Zoe and Grigri are kind of in the same mood there. So the point being that the, that emotions depend on body states. Part of the body states are voluntary produced and part of the body states are automatically produced. We're going to focused on the automatic part. There's been a long controversy since Wil, William James as to whether you, whether emotion comes from the body or the body state comes from the emotion. So to put it in other words, you run away from the bear, because you're, you run away from the bear to get away from the bear and that makes you scared. Or you get scared and therefore, you run away from the bear. Which of those two is true? Probably, neither. Probably, they both work in concert. Every once in awhile, they don't work in concert and that's what we think happens, for instance in a panic attack. In a panic attack, it's all first body. First, you get this whole blown-up arousal. Freak out and then the emotion stems from that body. But normally, under most circumstances body and, and brain are producing one body brain emotion, one state altogether. So in this module, we're not going to talk all about emotions. We're really going to focus on the automatic body part of emotions. And we're going to primarily focus on, not exclusively, but primarily focus on the sympathetics and the parasympathetics. So the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems that give rise to these automatic body states. [MUSIC]