[SOUND] [MUSIC] Hello, everybody, and welcome back. AD 64, Rome is burning and the flames will go on destroying Rome for nine days. It's just a small part of the city spared from this huge destruction, as you can see in the image. As a consequence of all this, Nero creates a huge palace. And he's going to build a new pavilion on the Palatine in the core of this huge palace along the sacred way, as you can see here. So now we have the house of Augustus, the second Imperial House here, the palace of Gaii on the limit of the Roman Forum. And the first, Neronian house here, which is destroyed and buried underneath three new nuclei, which are now called for the first time Domus Augustiana. That is the house originating with the house of Augustus. The work starts from the public part of the house of the first emperor here, where the cult to Vesta was. Now there's a hole with an apps created with a basin on one side. All this is facing a huge fountain on an underground floor, which you can reach from a staircase here and here. This is one fragment surviving of this huge haul in colored marble. It's called Opus Sectile, as you can see. This is what the fountain looked like. The ramps of the staircase and the fountain facing a small Paris style with marble columns here. In this section, you can see the Porticus inside the house of Augustus, the Basilica, number four, and the basin here, number five. And here at the basin, the underground passages, the fountain, and there's more peristyle here. We know what all this looked like. Thanks to this painting here from 1721, illustrating a fountain with marble columns and bronze capitals and bases. Now, Nero was also the first one to enlarge the palace towards this area, where he created a huge terrace leading to a tower which you can see here and here with these imposing remains. This is just the underground part of the structure facing towards the valley where the core of his huge residence was. And Nero is also the first to enlarge the Domus Tiberiana here, creating a huge open area around the core of the previous palace. And now you can see that this part of the palace is physically joined to the oldest part. This is the private part of the House of Augustus. And also for the first time, the palace is facing towards the sacred way which was running here. Here, you can see once again the core of the palace, the open area, the staircase. The sacred way is here, the private part of the House of Augustus, the sanctuary of the origin of Rome, and the core of the previous palace where the Emperor Tiberius was born. In the sub structure sustaining the staircase, a small bath was inserted with rooms for warm and cold water, and the latrine here. The core of the Neronian project was anyway the sacred way here, which now was leading from the forum to the main entrance of his huge palace. This is the area occupied by Nero's Domus Aurea, which, you can see is nearly one-fourth of the whole Republican city. We we're standing on the sacred way now. The luxury houses of the Palatine Hill open onto this street, which was one of the most famous streets of Rome. In an archeological area as complex as this one, It's not so easy to understand which kind of feature you're looking at, and which period you're talking about. The street dates back to the end of the second century BC. In the year 64 AD, Rome had been burned down. There was a great fire, Nero's fire. The remains of the building with the decorations and an earth fill had been accumulated in this area. So the level raised up, new foundations were built, such as this one to create a straight line surrounded by a Porticus on this side and on that side leading to the entrance of the Palace of the Emperor. So a bending street, like the previous one, is turned into an avenue flanked by huge Porticus. The models of this huge dream where the cities of the Hellenistic phase created by Alexander the Great. So the new sacred way is shaped just like the Canopic Way in Alexandria in Egypt. The fire destroyed all buildings along the Republicans sacred way. Here you can see the archaeological remains of all this. The dumps, a floor made black by the fire, and the traces of an iron gate melted by the heat over this white floor here. The area along the sacred way was placed at different levels, as you can see from this section. From the Atrium Vestae to the first clivus climbing up to the hill and the remaining part from the first clivus to the second clivus here. Now, a new steep level is created with the bulk of remains placed all around. This is the archaeological area. This is the archaeological trace of that surface. Above these, at first, the small square paved in stone is created maybe to use this area and maintain these old streets. You can see one more shot of the small square with basalt stones. But soon after, a new sacred way is created with Porticus flanking on each side. A new house for the vestal virgins is created around the Aedes Vestae, and this area here is left totally empty. Here, you can feel the difference between the layout of the previous city in blue and the layout of the new Neronian City, which will last until the end of the empire. But as you can remember, here were many memories of the origin of the city itself. But Nero didn't care, he changed the layout. All this, the huge palace, the Domus Aurea, The Golden House, lasted just two years. All this was inaugurated in AD 66, but Nero killed himself in AD 68. And the landscape was going to change once again. Thank you very much.