[MUSIC] Now we're standing where the entrance to the palace created by Augustus was. Here, you have to imagine the arch he dedicated to his father, Gaius Octavius, sustaining the chariot and the sculpture made by Lysias. On the right, you have the private part of this palace. In front of me, there's the temple, the very core of this palace, dedicated to Apollo. From this side on were the public parts of this palace. This is the part we know less. We know less this part because it has been occupied by later palaces that were built on the side of the hill since the end of the first century AD. Let's go inside and have a look. Hello, welcome back. Nero committed suicide in AD 68. Since the end of that year, and during the following year, AD 69, Rome was ravaged by a savage civil war. Three emperors were fighting to have the throne of the Empire. At the end of this incredible war, a fourth emperor, The first of the Flavian family, succeeded in acquiring total power. His name was Vespasianus. He reigned over Rome and he was followed by his two sons, Titus and the last Flavian emperor, Domitianus. In AD 69, the situation was as follows on the hill. We had different pavilions related to different emperors who had, Enlarged the original Domus Augustii here. The second palace here, the Domus of the relatives of the emperors in the area towards the forum, the first Domus Augustana created by Nero. Then the extension of the palace after the fire of 64 AD outside the hill. Once again, the work studied from the inner part of the public part of the house of Augustus. Here, in front of this area, where the basilica was, they created a large round basin with the platform inside to support a possible dining room. Here, you can appreciate the relation between the temple of the god Apollo to the basilica, the basin, and the area where the possible dining room stood. But just after the year 81 AD, this palace was incredibly enlarged. Let's have a look at this new building. In the same time, meanwhile, two new buildings have been created on the hill and an honorary arch in the spot to honor the Emperor Titus. He died in AD 81. A new temple here was built in the sanctuary created on the spot where the first emperor, Augustus was born. The new palace was an incredible building, divided into three blocks, the public part, this one, the private part, and a stadium for horse racing. The entrance was this one. People coming in were admitted in this huge hole here. We can have an idea of this building from this coin of the same time. There were niches for statues in this highest part. In this section, in the red area, we can see the sequence from the entrance. This huge hall where the throne of the emperor was. The courtyard and an inner second hall for dining or receiving guests. You can see here fragments of this wonderful marble floor you can still see on site. We can have a closer look once again at this building. In this section, we have an idea of the private part of this palace. The entrance here from the top of the hill. A first courtyard here. A second courtyard with a basin. The central building giving access to the private part, the underground part, to where the emperor slept around here with a fountain. Then the second entrance. In this section, the blue one, we see the relation between the private part and the public part. The underground area, this one here, the central core here. And this second huge hall we've already seen in the public part, with fountains on both sides. Here, in the green area, once again, the relation between the previous house of Augustus. You see the porticus of the Danaides here, and the curiae library here at this one. Then the private part here. And the line for the horse racing here. Also, different parts of the hill where upgraded in this phase, such as this part of the palace, which was enlarged here with new fountains and water basins. The entrance from the Sacred Way was upgraded, As well during this phase. Once again, the palace extended until the area of the forum at the foot of the hill. As you can see in this red area here, this is the forum. Here, the Emperor Gaius lived in the house which belonged to his father, and he turned one of the most famous temples open onto the forum as a vestibule to his house. This was a temple where two twins, two divine twins were worshipped. He created an entrance from the back of this temple to his house, where he could appear in between the statues of the two gods. The Flavian emperor destroyed this and created on top a huge hall here, number 10, close to the library of the palace and the room for studying activity connected to a shrine to the goddess of scholars. Here, you can appreciate the relation between the huge hall, number 10 here, and the library, 11 and 12, of the palace here. This part of the building was connected with the top part of the hill via this incredible ramp. You can still see this now. So less than 100 years, After the moment when Octavian, the young Octavian, decided to live where Rome was founded to connect his destiny to the destiny of the city, the whole hill has been turned into one palace. We are standing on the Sacred Way now. The luxury houses of the Palatine Hill open onto this street, which was one of the most famous streets of Rome. In an archeological area as complex as this one, it's not so easy to understand which kind of feature you're looking at and which period you're talking about. The street dates back to the end of the second century BC. In the year 64 AD, Rome had been burned down. There was a great fire, Nero's fire. The remains of the building with the decoration and an earth fill had been accumulated in this area, so the level raised up. New foundations were built, like this one, to create a straight line surrounded by porticos on this side and on that side, leading to the entrance of the palace of the emperor. So a bending street, like the previous one, is turned into an avenue flanked by huge porticos.