Hello everyone last time we discussed the origin of the yin and yang ideas this time I’d like to focus on the core of yin and yang idea The class will discuss it in five aspects one is the separability of yin and yang Then the opposition of yin and yang then the complementary of yin and yang the ebb and flow and transformation of yin and yang So these are contained "yin and yang fish" pattern created by ancient Chinese sages to be specific, let us first talk about the separability of yin and yang the separability refers to the concept that any thing belongs to either "Yin" and "Yang" it has two meanings the first means that Anything can be identified by the standard of yin and yang properties such thing as day, hot, rising,energy, agitation, bright, sports Upward, outward, male, etc. possess the characteristics of yang,therefore it is yang(positive) And on the contrary,things and phenomenons like night, cold,decline, substance depression, introverted nature, darkness,stillness etc. are of female characteristics which are of the characteristics of yin, and thus can be attributed to Yin the second one refers to the re-divisibility of yin and yang that is Both yin and yang can be further divided into yin and yang For example, we can see in the yin and yang fish This sphere can be divided into two parts in black and white representing the yin and yang respectively But when there are black dots in the White part, representing yin exists in yang there while the white dots in the black represents that yin exists in yang Another example is that the night belongs to yin while daylight belongs to yang The day also has both yin and yang.morning is the yang in yang while afternoon is yin out of yang second,let’s talk about the opposition of yin and yang Then these two things yin and yang are just the opposite So we call them incompatible It also has two meanings The first refers to that any object or phenomenon has yin and yang the two aspects the two aspects are contradictory For example, the left and the right,the upper and the lower,the heaven and the earth,moving and stillness in and out,rise and fall,day and night,light and dark even cold and heat, water and fire, etc. So these are opposites just like the yin and yang.such laws prevail in nature The second refers to that the opposing sides of yin and yang Mostly of restrain each other So the opposing sides inhibit and restrain each other reflecting intricate dynamic link let us set climate change in the four seasons as an example the reason why it gradually becomes warm in spring and hot in summer is Mainly that changes in the relative positions between the Sun and the Earth strengthens warm streams in the northern hemisphere Inhibiting the cold streams from the north this yin-yang battle between Warm, cold streams makes the peak line it gradually advance to higher latitudes The reason why it gradually becomes cool in fall and it is of low temperatures in cold winter Is that the increasingly cold streams inhibit the warm air from the south the yin-yang battle peak line gradually migrates to low latitudes This is a typical example of mutual restraint in yin and yang in the nature That temperatures depend on the yin-yang confrontation between warm streams and cold streams So in the "Yellow Emperor" it stresses that Therefore since the winter solstice lasting for forty five days, more yang and less yin since the Summer Solstice lasting for forty five days, less yang and more yin Then the "forty-five days" refers to the time from winter solstice to the beginning of spring,and from summer solstice to the beginning of the autumn From the winter solstice to the beginning of spring,yang air gradually moves northward while yin air is inhibited and tends to remove from northwards The summer is the heyday of yang, with yin hiding, resulting high temperatures From the summer solstice to the beginning of autumn,yin gradually strengthens and prevails Yang is suppressed and gradually retreat southward. from this time to winter the temperature varies with the heyday of yin and the lurking of yang Temperature changes is manifested in this opposition and constraints of yin and yang changes happen in circles like this year after year third,we will talk about the interaction and interoperability of yin and yang it can also be called interdependence between yin and yang this means that is opposite sides both regard each other as the premise of its own existence Showing interdependence neither party can exist alone without the other For example, upwards is yang while downwards is yin. there is no downwards without upwards no downwards, then no upwards left is yang, while right means yin.no left,no right.also no right, no left all of such things illustrate interdependence of yin and yang And each party exists because of the other’s existence the second meaning of the interaction and interoperability of yin and yang is that on the basis of the interdependence of yin and yang to some extent, Yin and yang boast the characteristics of mutual development and utilization For example, the ancients said: "gas on the ground goes up to form cloud, while the gas in the air goes down as rain" This process is mutually antagonistic and interdependent mutually developing and reinforcing The rise of gas on the ground can mix the water vapor to form cloud the rain is generated from the clouds which are formed by gas rising The fall of gas in the air often leads to rainfall which moisture the ground with water vapour so the cycle of gas,clouds,rain and weather represents the mutually developing and reinforcing effect of yin and yang So an ancient saying goes that Yin and yang base on each other. No yang, then yin depends on nothing to exist and vice versa. fourth, we are going to talk about the ebb and flow of yin and yang Ebb and flow represent the form of yin-yang movement so called “xiao” means decrease and consumption so called “zhang” means increase and development This refers to changes in the number So the opposite yin and yang are not in static state Instead is constantly changing in the basic form that while one grows, the other eliminate fifth, we will talk about the transformation of yin and yang yin and yang opposites sides in things under certain conditions may change into the opposite during the day-and-night change and seasonal transition in nature Yin-yang transformation of the climate is the most common example set circadian replacement as an example. as the sun rises,yang gas goes up and it gradually becomes warm as the sun sets,yin gas goes up and it gradually becomes cool For example, at noon (11:00-13:00) it is the peak of yang gas in a day after that yang gradually decreases while yin increases till zishi,that is, the midnight(23:00-1:00),yin reaches the highest After that yang begins to rise slowly and then starts to grow again in circle set the seasonal transition as an example. from warm spring to hot summer we also experience such a process that ”Yin diminishes and Yang grows” So the summer solstice is the time when the yang reaches peak and the winter solstice is the time when yin reaches the highest it represents the yin-yang transformation movement in circle Then a relatively stable climate is formed it is suitable for human to reproduce and other creatures to grow resulting in biodiversity However, the ebb and flow and transformation of yin and yang occurs because of the fact that yin and yang is mutually opposing and interoperable So the Yin-Yang thought teaches us a basic law of the occurrence,development and decline So above all five aspects are the core ideas of yin and yang let us stop here the next time we will focus on the yin-yang thought contained in Chinese traditional medicine
